The profile, described by one court as "an informally compiled abstract of characteristics thought typical of persons carrying illicit drugs," had been used in the war on drugs for some time. The first profile was reportedly developed in the early 1970s by a Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Special Agent named Paul Markonni while he was assigned to surveillance duty at the Detroit Metropolitan Airport. By 1979, Markonni's drug courier profile was in use at over 20 airports. The characteristics of the Markonni profile were behavioral. Did the person appear to be nervous? Did he pay for his airline ticket in cash and in large bills? Was he going to or arriving from a destination considered a place of origin of cocaine, heroin or marijuana? Was he traveling under an alias?
In the 1980s, with the emergence of the crack market, skin color alone became a major profile component, and, to an increasing extent, black travelers in the nation's airports and found themselves the subjects of frequent interrogations and suspicionless searches by the DEA and the U.S. Customs Service. These law enforcement practices soon spread to train stations and bus terminals, as well.
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In Oklahoma, the ACLU filed a lawsuit last month on behalf of Sgt. First Class Rossano V. Gerald, 37, and his son Gregory, 13, claiming violations of federal civil rights law and of their constitutional rights to equal treatment and to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures. SFC Gerald, whose story is chronicled in the opening pages of this report, said he is bringing the lawsuit to assure his son that authority figures who abuse their power are brought to justice. "I'm an authority figure myself," said SFC Gerald, a career Army officer who received a Bronze Star for his outstanding performance in Desert Storm. "I don't want my son thinking for one minute that this kind of behavior by anyone in uniform is acceptable."
This class action lawsuit was originally filed in federal court in 1994 after the ACLU of Illinois received hundreds of complaints from black and Hispanic motorists who believed that the Illinois State Police were singling them out for highway drug searches. The case is still in litigation, and in April 1999, the ACLU submitted to the court several analyses completed by a team of statistical experts who analyzed databases maintained by the Illinois State Police. The experts concluded that state troopers, especially those assigned to a drug interdiction program called "Operation Valkyrie," singled out Hispanic motorists for enforcement of the traffic code1:
In April of this year, the ACLU of Northern California established a statewide toll-free hotline for victims of discriminatory traffic stops. The hotline number has been publicized on billboards and through a 60-second radio spot. In the first forty-eight hours, the hotline received 200 calls. As of this writing, the count stands at over 1,400.
1. Rename the PS3_Game folder of retail disc [BCUS98298] into "NPUA72074",2. Unpack the demo NPUA72074 then copy only the [eboot.bin] from it then paste into folder [USRDIR] in [NPUA72074] renamed in step 1,3. Edit PARAM.SFO of [NPUA72074] and change Category from DG Disc Game (blu-ray) to HG Harddrive Game then Save,4. Delete LICDIR folder in NPUA72074,5. Download only the v1.01 update for BCUS98298,6. Unpack contents of downloaded v1.01 update then move them to a new folder called "BCUS98298",7. For DTU: Transfer NPUA72074 and BCUS98298 folders into CFW PS3 then DTU to OFW PS3. Done.7. For HAN: Move NPUA72074 and BCUS98298 folders into make-backup-pkg directory then open/run [do.bat]. Install on HAN PS3 with [Enable Debug Packages]. Done.For Han: converted with CFW2OFW Helper v13 the game stucks at a black screen. Feel free to try with PS3GameConvert v0.91.
If you get black screen and console freeze during game startup on HEN/HAN try this method:1. Before converting, move the original files of "PS3_GAME\USRDIR" (except EBOOT.BIN, default.self, and default_mp.self) to a temp folder outside the PS3_GAME folder.2. Convert the game using CFW2OFW v1.13 ("PS3_GAME\USRDIR" should contain EBOOT.BIN, default.self, and default_mp.self files only).3. After the conversion, move the original files (the ones inside the temp folder you made in step 1) to the converted folder "BLES00687\USRDIR". (resulting NPEB00687 folder should be small, around 19-20MB in size and BLES00684 should be around 7.15GB)4. Make the packages with Make-Backup-PKG, game package will be small (19-20MB) while patch will be the biggest one (7.15GB)
Download the demo (NPEB90114) and take only the EBOOT.BIN and SPUJOBS.SPRX files from it, place them in the NPEB00052 folder and rename the folder to NPEB90114, and change the PARAM.SFO to NPEB90114. NOTE: That method sounds like unlocking NPEB00052 (PSN Full Game) to play for free. Click to 'Talk' about this method.
For HAN:1. Rename PS3_GAME folder to NPEA00129 (game conversion not needed),2. Download update manually and extract it (folder should be called: BCES00129, if extraction tool puts it inside another folder, take it out and put it alongside NPEA00129),3. COPY all files from BCES00129 EXCEPT PARAM.SFO to NPEA00129,4. In NPEA00129 folder, edit PARAM.SFO and change Category, DG into HG; AppVer into 1.03,5. Move both folders NPEA00129 and BCES00129 to make-backup-pkg then make the packages.
His own conduct looked crooked, he admitted; but he asked himself whether,between men and women, all ways were not more or less crooked. He believedthose which are called straight were the most dangerous of all. They seemed tohim, for the most part, to lie between windowless stone walls, and theirrectitude had been achieved at the expense of light and air. In theirunquestioned regularity lurked every sort of human cruelty and meanness, andevery kind of humiliation and suffering. He would rather have any woman hecared for wounded than crushed. He would deceive her not once, he told himselffiercely, but a hundred times, to keep her free. 2ff7e9595c
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